Alprazolam 28981-97-7
Alprazolam, a central nervous system (CNS) drug from the 1,4 benzodiazepine class, is used for the treatment of anxiety disorders including panic disorder with or without agoraphobia and generalized anxiety disorder. It is also used for the short term management of nonspecific anxiety. Alprazolam possesses an unknown mechanism of action. It presumably exerts its effects by binding to various stereo-specific receptors in the CNS.
Alprazolam’s innovator is Pharmacia & Upjohn-HQ-US and is known globally by the brand names: Xanax, Xanax Xr and Niravam.
Benzodiazepines, the active ingredients in Alprazolam, act at the level of the limbic, thalamic, and hypothalamic regions of the CNS and can produce any level of CNS depression required including sedation, hypnosis, skeletal muscle relaxation, and anticonvulsant activity. Recent evidence indicates that benzodiazepines exert their effects through enhancement of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-benzodiazepine receptor complex. GABA is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that exerts its effects at specific receptor subtypes designated GABA-A and GABA-B. GABA-A is the primary receptor subtype in the CNS and is thought to be involved in the actions of anxiolytics and sedatives.
Benzodiazepines alleviate insomnia by decreasing the latency to sleep and increasing sleep continuity and total sleep time through their effects on GABA. Preliminary evidence suggests that alprazolam decreases cerebral blood flow and plasma epinephrine concentrations.
Alprazolam reaches a total daily dose of 3 or 4 mg in short- term treatments.
Alprazolam was approved by the FDA in 1981 and became available as a generic in 1993.
General data on Alprozolam Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient
CAS Registry: 28981-97-7
ATC: N05BA12
Molecular Formula: C17H13ClN4
Molecular Weight: 308.8
Pharmacopoeias: In Chin., Eur., Jpn, and US.
| Systematic (IUPAC) name: | |
|---|---|
| Alprazolam CAS number: | 28981-97-7 |
| ATC code: | N05BA12 |
| PubChem: | |
| DrugBank: | |
| Formula: | C17H13ClN4 |
| Molecular mass: | 308.8 g/mol |
| Alprazolam Assay/Purity: | Typically NLT 98% |
